Abstract  This report contains the major findings of a 1999-2001 assessment of water quality in the New England Coastal Basins. It is one of a series of reports by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program that present major findings in 51 major river basins and aquifer systems across the Nation. In these reports, water quality is discussed in terms of local, State, and regional issues. Conditions in a particular basin or aquifer system are compared to conditions found elsewhere and to selected national benchmarks, such as those for drinking-water quality and the protection of aquatic organisms. This report is intended for individuals working with water-resource issues in Federal, State, or local agencies, universities, public interest groups, or in the private sector.

Abstract  This document provides occurrence-related background information on 22 regulated drinking water contaminants in support of the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) second Six-Year Review of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (the “second Six-Year Review”). These 22 contaminants are referred to as “Category 1 contaminants” based on their: relatively high rates of occurrence at or near concentration thresholds of concern; new or ongoing health effects assessments; and potential new laboratory analytical capabilities. The 22 Category 1 contaminants are: benzene, carbofuran, carbon tetrachloride, chlordane, 1,2-dibromo­3-chloropropane, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 1,2­dichloropropane, endothall, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclopentadiene, oxamyl, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, toxaphene, 1,1,2­trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, and xylenes (total). This support document is divided into contaminant-specific chapters. The individual contaminant chapters include background information (regulatory history, general chemical information, and environmental fate and behavior), use and environmental release information, an overview of occurrence in ambient water, and national estimates of contaminant occurrence in public drinking water systems. The national drinking water occurrence estimates presented here are based on the data contained in the National Compliance Monitoring Information Collection Request Dataset for the Second Six-Year Review (the “Six Year Review-ICR Dataset”), which includes data collected from 1998 to 2005. This is the largest and most comprehensive drinking water contaminant dataset ever compiled by EPA’s Drinking Water Program and includes 15 million records for 69 regulated contaminants submitted by 47 states/primacy agencies (45 states plus Region 8 and Region 9 tribes). Using this dataset, a variety of occurrence estimates were generated to characterize the national occurrence of regulated contaminants in public water systems (PWSs).

Abstract  In a 1997 public health assessment (PHA), ATSDR concluded that people were exposed to contaminants of concern in MCB Camp Lejeune drinking water. Although ATSDR declared those past exposures a public health hazard, it did so on the information that was available at the time, which was limited. Since publication of the 1997 PHA, additional scientific analyses and studies have expanded the knowledge base regarding contaminants of concern in MCB Camp Lejeune drinking water. This assessment evaluates exposures based on these new analyses and studies, particularly the findings from ATSDR’s historical reconstruction modeling efforts. For this public health assessment, ATSDR developed estimates of exposure doses for the following groups who lived or worked at—or lived and worked at—MCB Camp Lejeune: • Children who lived onbase with their families • Adults who lived onbase (inclusive of pregnant women) • Workers employed at the base, but who lived off-base • Marine personnel who trained and lived onbase This PHA also investigates how MCB Camp Lejeune is preventing lead exposure. The lead exposure assessment is conducted separately from the historical reconstruction contaminants of concern because the time frames of exposure do not overlap and are separated by approximately 20 years. If lead is present in the drinking water, the contamination occurs after the water leaves the treatment plant. Groundwater is not the source of lead in the drinking water. The discussion of the lead evaluation begins in the section titled Lead in Drinking Water and is separate from this PHA’s discussions on the other contaminants of concern.