Quantification of children's hand and mouthing activities through a videotaping methodology

Reed, KJ; Jimenez, M; Freeman, NC; Lioy, PJ

HERO ID

1060539

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year

1999

Language

English

PMID

10554153

HERO ID 1060539
In Press No
Year 1999
Title Quantification of children's hand and mouthing activities through a videotaping methodology
Authors Reed, KJ; Jimenez, M; Freeman, NC; Lioy, PJ
Journal Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology
Volume 9
Issue 5
Page Numbers 513-520
Abstract A videotaping methodology has been developed for use in quantifying the types and frequencies of children's hand and mouthing activities that could lead to exposure to environmental pollutants via dermal and ingestion pathways. Twenty children in day care, ages 3-6 years and 10 children in residences, ages 2-5 years, were videotaped during their waking hours for 1 day. Parents of each child completed questionnaires for the purpose of evaluating the accuracy of parental reports of hand-to-mouth rates. Videotapes were translated as quantifiable activities by two trained observers whose reporting reliability was checked throughout the investigation. Results determined that reliability of the videotaping method was very good, even over a year post-training. From videotape data, the average hand-to-mouth frequency rate was determined to be 9.5 contacts/h. These values are considerably higher than the current default value of 1.56 contacts/h under consideration by the EPA.
Doi 10.1038/sj.jea.7500047
Pmid 10554153
Wosid WOS:000086103500014
Is Certified Translation No
Dupe Override No
Is Public Yes
Language Text English