Direct wet and dry deposition of ammonia, nitric acid, ammonium and nitrate to the Tampa Bay Estuary, FL, USA
Poor, N; Pribble, R; Greening, H
| HERO ID | 117283 |
|---|---|
| In Press | No |
| Year | 2001 |
| Title | Direct wet and dry deposition of ammonia, nitric acid, ammonium and nitrate to the Tampa Bay Estuary, FL, USA |
| Authors | Poor, N; Pribble, R; Greening, H |
| Journal | Atmospheric Environment |
| Volume | 35 |
| Issue | 23 |
| Page Numbers | 3947-3955 |
| Abstract | The average total (wet plus dry) nitrogen deposition to the Tampa Bay Estuary was 7.3 (+/- 13) kg-N ha(-1) yr(-1) or 760 (+/- 140) metric tons-N yr(-1) for August 1996-July 1999, estimated as a direct deposition rate to the 104,000-ha water surface. This nitrogen flux estimate accounted for ammonia exchange at the air-sea interface. The uncertainty estimate was based on measurement error. Wet deposition was 56% of the total nitrogen deposition over this period, with an average 0.78 ratio of dry-to-wet deposition. Wet nitrogen deposition rates varied considerably, from near zero to 1.3 kg-N ha(-1) month(-1). About 40% of the total nitrogen flux occurred during the summer months of June, July and August when rainfall was the highest, except for 1997-1998 when the El Nino phenomenon brought unseasonal rainfall. Ammonia/ammonium contributed to 58%, and nitric acid/nitrate 42%, of the total nitrogen deposition over the 3-yr period. In one summer as waters of Tampa Bay warmed above 28 degreesC and ammonium concentrations reached 0.03 mg l(-1), the estimated net flux of ammonia was from the Bay waters to the atmosphere. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| Doi | 10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00180-7 |
| Wosid | WOS:000170437000004 |
| Url | http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1352231001001807 |
| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Keyword | buoy models estuary; annular denuder system; uncertainty; net ammonia flux |
| Is Qa | No |