The teratogenicity and behavioral teratogenicity of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-butyl Phthalate (DBP) in a chick model

Abdul-Ghani, S; Yanai, J; Abdul-Ghani, R; Pinkas, A; Abdeen, Z

HERO ID

1249807

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year

2012

Language

English

PMID

22019469

HERO ID 1249807
In Press No
Year 2012
Title The teratogenicity and behavioral teratogenicity of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-butyl Phthalate (DBP) in a chick model
Authors Abdul-Ghani, S; Yanai, J; Abdul-Ghani, R; Pinkas, A; Abdeen, Z
Journal Neurotoxicology and Teratology
Volume 34
Issue 1
Page Numbers 56-62
Abstract Phthalates are industrial chemicals widely used in consumer products, plastics and children toys, and the risk of exposure to phthalates, especially prenatal exposure, is a growing concern justifying the development of an animal model to better understand their effect. The present study was designed to evaluate the suitability of a chick model for phthalate DEHP teratogenicity and neurobehavioral teratogenicity, a model which is simple and devoid of potential confounding factors such as maternal toxicity, maternal-fetal unit and maternal-neonatal interactions; major findings were confirmed in the DBP study. Prehatch exposure to DEHP in doses ranging from 20 to 100 mg/kg, reduced the percent hatching from 80% in control eggs to 65%, and increased late hatchings from 12.5% in control eggs to 29.4%. In addition it induced developmental defects characterized by an opening or weakening of abdominal muscles allowing internal organs to protrude externally with or without a sac, omphalocele or gastroschisis, respectively. The effect was dose dependent ranging from 8% with DEHP (20 mg/kg) to 22% (100 mg/kg). Similar treatment with DBP 100mg/kg has reduced percentage hatching to 57% and increased late hatching to 37.5%, with a 14% increase in gastroschisis. Biochemical evaluation revealed elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase, which reflects non-specific toxicity of DEHP at such a high dose. Behavioral evaluation using an imprinting test and locomotor activity on chicks pretreated with DEHP (100 mg/kg) has shown an abolishment of imprinting performance from the control (0.65) preference ratio. DNA damage measurements of the metabolite 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) in blood samples showed an increase of 39.7% after prehatch exposure to phthalates. This was statistically significant for DEHP and indicates genetic toxicity, since part of the teratogenic activity is associated with oxidative stress and DNA damage.
Doi 10.1016/j.ntt.2011.10.001
Pmid 22019469
Wosid WOS:000301037100007
Url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S089203621100198X
Is Certified Translation No
Dupe Override No
Is Public Yes
Language Text English
Keyword DNA damage; Embryonic development; Gastroschisis; Neurobehavioral teratogenicity; Omphalocele; Phthalates
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