Relationship of declining mussel biodiversity to stream-reach and watershed characteristics in an agricultural landscape

Poole, KE; Downing, JA

HERO ID

3616612

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year

2004

Language

English

HERO ID 3616612
In Press No
Year 2004
Title Relationship of declining mussel biodiversity to stream-reach and watershed characteristics in an agricultural landscape
Authors Poole, KE; Downing, JA
Journal Journal of the North American Benthological Society
Volume 23
Issue 1
Page Numbers 114-125
Abstract Freshwater mussels are among the most rapidly declining components of global biodiversity, but causes of local species disappearances are frequently unknown. We estimated decade-scale local extinction by resampling 118 stream reaches representing the best mussel habitat across a region that was once rich in species and is now mostly converted from prairies and riparian woodlands to intensive agriculture (Iowa, USA). Average species richness was reduced from >5 to <2 species, maximum richness was reduced from 22 to 15 species, and all mussel species were extirpated from 47% of the reaches since 1984 to 1985. More than half of the sites lost >75% of their species. Although 5 of the species were found at 20% to 140% more sites in 1998 than 1984 to 1985, 29 species (83%) decreased an average of 80% in geographic coverage, whereas 8 species were completely lost from these stream sites. Correlation analyses with reach and watershed characteristics determined using GIS and local sampling methods linked the greatest declines to rarity of streamside woodlands, high siltation, and most intensive agricultural land uses, i.e., where conditions had changed most from the historical land cover. The surveys indicated a very large extinction debt has been created by large-scale habitat modification over the last century and ongoing agricultural land uses. Freshwater mussels are among the most rapidly declining components of global biodiversity, but causes of local species disappearances are frequently unknown. We estimated decade-scale local extinction by resampling 118 stream reaches representing the best mussel habitat across a region that was once rich in species and is now mostly converted from prairies and riparian woodlands to intensive agriculture (Iowa, USA). Average species richness was reduced from >5 to <2 species, maximum richness was reduced from 22 to 15 species, and all mussel species were extirpated from 47% of the reaches since 1984 to 1985. More than half of the sites lost >75% of their species. Although 5 of the species were found at 20% to 140% more sites in 1998 than 1984 to 1985, 29 species (83%) decreased an average of 80% in geographic coverage, whereas 8 species were completely lost from these stream sites. Correlation analyses with reach and watershed characteristics determined using GIS and local sampling methods linked the greatest declines to rarity of streamside woodlands, high siltation, and most intensive agricultural land uses, i.e., where conditions had changed most from the historical land cover. The surveys indicated a very large extinction debt has been created by large-scale habitat modification over the last century and ongoing agricultural land uses.
Doi 10.1899/0887-3593(2004)023<0114:RODMBT>2.0.CO;2
Url https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1899/0887-3593(2004)023<0114:rodmbt>2.0.co;2
Is Certified Translation No
Dupe Override No
Is Public Yes
Language Text English
Keyword agriculture; biodiversity extinction debt; GIS; habitat; land use; mussels; riparian; species richness; streams;EXTINCTION DEBT; LAND-USE; BIVALVIA; FAUNA; DEFORESTATION; PREDICTION; UNIONIDAE; MOLLUSCA; RATES
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