Carbon emissions from forest conversion by Kalimantan oil palm plantations

Carlson, KM; Curran, LM; Asner, GP; Pittman, AM; Trigg, SN; Adeney, JM

HERO ID

5052829

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year

2013

HERO ID 5052829
In Press No
Year 2013
Title Carbon emissions from forest conversion by Kalimantan oil palm plantations
Authors Carlson, KM; Curran, LM; Asner, GP; Pittman, AM; Trigg, SN; Adeney, JM
Journal Nature Climate Change
Volume 3
Issue 3
Page Numbers 283-287
Abstract Oil palm supplies >30% of world vegetable oil production(1). Plantation expansion is occurring throughout the tropics, predominantly in Indonesia, where forests with heterogeneous carbon stocks undergo high conversion rates(2-4). Quantifying oil palms contribution to global carbon budgets therefore requires refined spatio-temporal assessments of land cover converted to plantations(5,6). Here, we report oil palm development across Kalimantan (538; 346 km(2)) from 1990 to 2010, and project expansion to 2020 within government-allocated leases. Using Landsat satellite analyses to discern multiple land covers, coupled with above- and below-ground carbon accounting, we develop the first high-resolution carbon flux estimates from Kalimantan plantations. From 1990 to 2010, 90% of lands converted to oil palm were forested (47% intact, 22% logged, 21% agroforests). By 2010, 87% of total oil palm area (31,640 km(2)) occurred on mineral soils, and these plantations contributed 61-73% of 1990-2010 net oil palm emissions (0.020-0.024 GtC yr(-1)). Although oil palm expanded 278% from 2000 to 2010, 79% of allocated leases remained undeveloped. By 2020, full lease development would convert 93; 844 km(2) (similar to 90% forested lands, including 41% intact forests). Oil palm would then occupy 34% of lowlands outside protected areas. Plantation expansion in Kalimantan alone is projected to contribute 18-22% (0.12-0.15 GtC yr(-1)) of Indonesias 2020 CO2-equivalent emissions. Allocated oil palm leases represent a critical yet undocumented source of deforestation and carbon emissions.
Doi 10.1038/NCLIMATE1702
Wosid WOS:000319399000026
Is Certified Translation No
Dupe Override No
Is Public Yes