Subacute oral toxicity of TNT and a TNT/RDX mixture to dogs and rodents
Dilley, JV; Tyson, CA; Sasmore, DP; Spanggord, RJ; Newell, GW; Dacre, JC
HERO ID
630080
Reference Type
Journal Article
Subtype
Abstract
Year
1978
Language
English
| HERO ID | 630080 |
|---|---|
| Material Type | Abstract |
| In Press | No |
| Year | 1978 |
| Title | Subacute oral toxicity of TNT and a TNT/RDX mixture to dogs and rodents |
| Authors | Dilley, JV; Tyson, CA; Sasmore, DP; Spanggord, RJ; Newell, GW; Dacre, JC |
| Journal | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology |
| Volume | 45 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Page Numbers | 256 |
| Abstract | The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of munitions compounds that find their way into wastewaters at Army ammunition plants. Rats and mice were fed TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) or TNT/RDX (TNT/1,3,5-trinitrohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine) 1.6/l mixtures in their diet for 90 days. Dogs were dosed daily by capsule with TNT or the TNT/RDX mixture for 90 days. The TNT/RDX 1.6/l mixture is representative of untreated wastewaters from Army ammunition plants conducting load, assemble, and pack operations. During the treatment period, the highest dose rats and mice (0.25 and 0.125% TNT in the diet, respectively, and 0.5% TNT/RDX for both species) exhibited weight loss, reduced food intake, and red urine. Dogs on the highest dose (20 mg/kg/day of TNT or 50 mg/kg/day of TNT/RDX mixture) exhibited weight loss, ataxia, nystagmus, and other neurological signs, as well as an orange urine. Hematological changes in all three species (high dose only) included a reduced red cell count, reduced hemoglobin, hematocrit, and an increased red cell volume with increased numbers of reticulocytes. Clinical chemistry changes included increased cholesterol and decreased SGPT activity in rats and dogs. Histopathological findings included hemosiderosis of the spleen, and sometimes the liver, in all three species receiving the highest doses. Testicular atrophy with focal interstitial cell hyperplasia was seen in the rats receiving 0.25% TNT diets.This was also seen in rats receiving 0.5% TNT/RDX and dogs receiving 50 mg/kg/day of TNT/RDX. Female rats receiving 0.5% TNT/RDX were found to have a hypoplasia of the uterus. No-effect levels of TNT in the diets of rats and mice were 0.01% and 0.005%; for TNT/RDX, these values were 0.005% and 0.005%, respectively. In dogs, the no-effect level was 0.2 mg/kg/day for TNT and 0.5 mg/kg/day for TNT/RDX. In general, the TNT content of the mixture was dominant in producing toxicity. (Supported by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, under Contract No. DAMD 17-76-C-6050.) |
| Wosid | WOS:A1978FL51900105 |
| Url | https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(78)90043-1 |
| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Conference Location | San Francisco, CA |
| Conference Name | 17th Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology |
| Conference Date | March 12-16, 1978 |
| Comments | HEEP/79/04396 DOI in URL field as it is associated with multiple abstracts |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Language Text | English |
| Relationship(s) |
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