Feasibility of assessing public health impacts of air pollution reduction programs on a local scale: New Haven case study
Lobdell, D; Isakov, V; Baxter, L; Touma, J; Smuts, M; Ozkaynak, H
HERO ID
709912
Reference Type
Journal Article
Year
2011
Language
English
PMID
| HERO ID | 709912 |
|---|---|
| In Press | No |
| Year | 2011 |
| Title | Feasibility of assessing public health impacts of air pollution reduction programs on a local scale: New Haven case study |
| Authors | Lobdell, D; Isakov, V; Baxter, L; Touma, J; Smuts, M; Ozkaynak, H |
| Journal | Environmental Health Perspectives |
| Volume | 119 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Page Numbers | 487-493 |
| Abstract | Background: New approaches to link health surveillance data with environmental and population exposure information are needed to examine the health benefits of risk management decisions. Objective: We examined the feasibility of conducting a local assessment of the public health impacts of cumulative air pollution reduction activities from federal, state, local and voluntary actions in the City of New Haven, CT. Methods: Using a hybrid modeling approach that combines regional and local-scale air quality data, we estimated ambient concentrations for multiple air pollutants (e.g., PM2.5, NOx) for base year 2001 and projected emissions for 2010, 2020, and 2030. We assessed the feasibility of detecting health improvements in relation to air pollution reductions for 26 different pollutant/health outcome linkages using both sample size and exploratory epidemiological simulations to further inform decision-making needs. Results: Model projections suggested decreases (~10% to 60%) in pollutant concentrations, mainly due to decreases in pollutants from local sources between 2001 and 2010. Models indicated considerable spatial variability in the concentrations of most pollutants. Sample size analyses supported the feasibility of identifying linkages between reductions in NOx and improvements in all-cause mortality, prevalence of asthma in children and adults, and cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalizations. Conclusion: Substantial reductions in air pollution (e.g., ~60% shown for NOx) are needed to detect health impacts of environmental actions using traditional epidemiologic study designs in small communities like New Haven. In contrast, exploratory epidemiologic simulations suggest that it may be possible to demonstrate the health impacts of PM reductions by predicting intra-urban pollution gradients within New Haven using coupled models. |
| Doi | 10.1289/ehp.1002636 |
| Pmid | 21335318 |
| Wosid | WOS:000289065900029 |
| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Comments | Source: Web of Science WOS:000289065900029 |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Language Text | English |
| Keyword | air pollution; feasibility analysis; health effects; nitrogen oxides; particulate matter |
| Is Qa | No |